The Heathen by Jack London

 "The Heathen" is a short story written by Jack London, first published in 1907. It explores themes of cultural clash, colonialism, and the clash between civilization and wilderness.

 Here's a full analysis, including themes and symbolism:

Themes:

1.Colonialism and Cultural Clash: The story delves into the encounter between Charley and the native tribesman in the wilderness of the Pacific Northwest. It highlights the clash between the civilized world represented by Charley and Captain and the indigenous culture embodied by the Heathen.

 2. Nature vs. Civilization: London contrasts the pristine, wild environment of the forest with the industrial, civilized world. The captain's intrusion into the wilderness symbolizes the encroachment of civilization upon nature.

 3. Identity and Otherness: The captain of the ship sees the heathen as someone fundamentally different from himself. This exploration of identity and the perception of the "other" is central to the story. 

 Symbolism:

1. The Heathen: The native tribesman represents the natural world and its inhabitants, untouched by the influences of modern civilization. He symbolizes the wildness and purity of nature.

2. Captain: The Captain embodies civilization, progress, and industrialization. His presence in the wilderness symbolizes human attempts to conquer and control nature.

3. The Fire: Fire is a recurring symbol in the story, representing both the literal fire the engineer brings with him and the metaphorical fire of civilization. It is a tool of both destruction and warmth, highlighting the duality of human progress.

Analysis:

The Heathen" is a critique of the arrogance of Western civilization and its treatment of indigenous cultures and natural environments. Charley challenges the notion of superiority held by the captain and, by extension, Western society as a whole. Through the encounter between Charley and the heathen, the story prompts readers to reflect on the consequences of colonialism and the importance of respecting and preserving the natural world.

 The story's open-ended conclusion leaves room for interpretation, inviting readers to consider the implications of Captain and Charley's actions and the fate of the heathen. It serves as a cautionary tale about the destructive tendencies of human civilization and the need for harmony between humanity and the natural world.

 In conclusion, "The Heathen" by Jack London is a powerful exploration of themes such as colonialism, cultural clashes, and the relationship between humanity and nature. Through its characters and symbolism, the story challenges readers to reflect on their own place in the world and the impact of human civilization on the environment and indigenous cultures. 

Task: 

1. What's your understanding of the story The Heathen? Write this answer in your own words.

2. The learners are advised to read the original story and talk about the major scenes that take place in the story. (Learners will be given a stage to talk about the story in a classroom.)

Original Story